HIV-AIDS
Dear Reader,
We
know from the decade a lot of people were suffering from HIV-AIDS. In this
article, I would like to share some information about this virus to educate the
people to stop HIV-AIDS.
HIV is the name of a virus
and is the short form of Human
Immunodeficiency Virus. This
virus causes AIDS(Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) disease. HIV belongs to
the subgroup of Retroviridea and Lentivirus. In 1983, HIV was
discovered by LUC Montagnaier at Paris. In 1984, it was discovered
by Robert Gallo in the USA.
Generally, in the human
body immune system built. This immune system damaged by the HIV virus , so men
weaken, even their immune system does not fight against the disease causing
organisms. Finally, this leads to the disease known as AIDS.
AIDS stands for Acquired
Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. Mainly there are 4 stages in HIV-infected person.
Acute HIV infection:
After infection of HIV
virus from 2-6 weeks, some symptoms were noticed. The infected person may have
a flu-like fever for 2 days after 2-3 weeks symptoms disappeared. Virus number
large in the blood of the infected person. But no antibodies in the blood,
which actually fight against with unwanted organisms.
HIV infection:
Viruses are present in the
blood appeared but antibodies disappeared this period is called Window Period. In this stage, viruses are spread
from one person to others. But, antibodies tests will be negative.
Incubation period:
In this stage, the person
tested HIV antibodies will be positive. But, symptoms disappeared. This stage
lasts for about 3-5 years.
Symptomatic period:
In this stage, the immune
system function decreases. Maybe the person gets symptoms like fever, Diarrhea
and skin diseases. This stage lasts for 2-3 years.
AIDS stage:
After infection of HIV
virus, the person reaches the AIDS stage. The time required to convert HIV to
AIDS is 5-10 years. In this stage, the immune system greatly reduced due to HIV
virus action on mainly its symptoms like T.B, frequent cough etc., as a result,
body weight gets to lose 10%, skin gets rashes and suffer from frequent fever.
Lymph glands get swollen with diarrhoea in one month.
80-90% of HIV-infected
people survive for 10 years. 5-10% of people survive only for 3-5 years. Only
5% of people live longer without the development of AIDS.
Modes of transmission:
HIV lives mainly in human
body fluids like semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, and blood. HIV
concentration large in blood gradually decreases i semen,
vaginal secretions, and breast milk. The life span of HIV only 15-30 seconds
outside of the body. HIV does not spread through body fluids like saliva,
tears, sweat, faeces and urine because of HIV concentration negligible in this
fluids.
Transmission of HIV:
HIV spread from person to
others mainly through 4 ways. Through sexual mode of transmission HIV commonly
spread from one to others. Having unsafe sex, which means having sex unknown
person without a condom is called unsafe sex. When infected person blood
transfuses to others by this way, 100% HIV transmitted to others. From HIV +ve
mothers to their children during pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding. By
using HIV-contaminated instructions like syringes, needles, surgical or dental
instruments. In the state of Andhra Pradesh (India), 91% of HIV infection
occurs due to the sexual mode of transmission.
HIV does not transmit
through:
By sharing lunch,
touching, hugging, kissing on cheeks, sharing of toilets, shaking hands,
sharing of toilets, using clothes of HIV +ve persons. HIV does not spread
through the mosquito bite and insects bites.
Tests for HIV status:
We can not identify HIV
+ve persons because of they appeared externally like a healthy person. First 5
years no symptoms appeared. We identify through the only blood test. We
identify through the only blood test. Mainly 3 tests are, ELISA, Western Blot
Test, PCR.
Prevention methods:
Each one protects
themselves by following moral values and healthy habits. The discipline and
responsibility play a vital role in avoiding HIV . By giving necessary medical
treatment to the infected mother to protect the child. By using disposable
syringes and needles must be used. Once HIV virus enters the body there is no
way to eliminate them. To know about any information about HIV here is the
toll-free number- 1097.
India has
occupied 3rd place in
HIV-AIDS. Overall in India HIV infections are reduced by 19% between 2005-2013.
AIDS-related deaths also reduced with 38%. In India, female sex workers are
8,68,000 among them 2.8% of sex workers living with HIV. This number may vary
from state to state. In India, there are 4,27,000(Approximately) males, among
them 4.4% are infected with HIV.
HIV transmission occurs
through mainly truck drivers in India. Because most of the time they spend out
of their home, they spend more time on duty, marital status, consume alcohol
and income level are plays a vital role in visiting with sex workers. So now
2.6% of the Million people, they are truck drivers living with HIV in India. In
UttarPradesh, it has so many myths about HIV transmission. They are a
mosquito bite, shaking hands and sharing food. The National AIDS control
Organization is responsible for implementing policies for the prevention and
control HIV. The aim of the NACP-IV is to reduce annual new HIV infections to
50% through awareness about HIV treatment. The following are the top 10
countries around the world which are high infected with HIV virus.
1. South Africa
2. Botswana
3. India
4. Kenya
5. Zimbabwe
6. United States
7. The Democratic Republic
of Congo
8. Mozambique
9. Tanzania
10. Malawi
I would like to
conclude this article here by, saying please follow safe sex, take care
while using syringes, needles to stop HIV virus. Prevention is better than cure.
See you in my next
article. Please feel free to comment or suggestions in below section.
Thank you.
